Is Sugar or Fat Worse for Your Heart?

Bowls of fruits, vegetables, and nuts

Fat clogs the arteries. Eat less fat to keep your arteries clean and your heart healthy. Based on the recommendations of health and nutrition experts, that is exactly what Americans did for decades. What happened though, was unexpected. Despite eating less fat, Americans gained weight at an alarming rate. And instead of less cardiovascular disease there was more.

Learn why guidelines now target limiting sugar—not fat—for heart health.

Sugar: The #1 Enemy in American Diets

The Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, an independent panel of experts who regularly make evidence-based recommendations to the federal government, identified sugar as the prime enemy in American’s diets. A large body of research showed that sugar is even worse for your heart than saturated (bad) fat.

Guidelines now suggest Americans limit added sugar to roughly 10 percent of daily calories, or about 12 teaspoons per day. Currently, we consume 22 to 30 teaspoons of added sugar daily, half of which comes from soda, juices and other sugary drinks.

In addition, the previous recommendation about limiting total fat intake to 35 percent of daily calories was removed. Eggs and shrimp were removed from the “don’t eat” list.

The Fat Paradox Explained 

Heeding research findings of the 1960s, skim milk replaced whole milk in American homes. Cereals replaced eggs on the breakfast table. Low-fat products filled the grocery shelves. Then why did the incidence of heart disease increase? 

First, eating less fat means eating more of the other two remaining nutrients—protein and carbohydrates. Carbohydrates such as bread, pasta, cake and cookies taste great, so “carbs,” for the most part, replaced fat in our diets.

Second, most of the fat/cholesterol in our arteries does not come from our dietary intake but from particles produced in the liver. Obesity and the metabolic derangements that come from it are the primary cause of fat build-up in our arteries.

Nutrition experts now recognize this fat paradox and dietary recommendations have changed accordingly.

What It All Means for You

The Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee emphasizes the health benefits of the Mediterranean diet which consists primarily of fruits, vegetables, nuts, whole grains, fish and moderate levels of alcohol. Consider these recommendations as you plan your menu. Limit added sugars.

Healthy eating patterns, in combination with regular exercise, are the keys to avoiding heart disease as well as other chronic diseases. As long as the fats we eat are primarily healthy, fat isn’t the enemy anymore.

author name

Rolf L. Andersen, MD, FACC

Rolf L. Andersen, MD, FACC, is a cardiologist with The Heart Group of Lancaster General Health where he is director of the Risk Factor Clinic.

Education: A graduate of Columbia University, Dr. Andersen is a research investigator at Lancaster Heart & Vascular Institute, and has participated in 40 clinical studies on the safety and effectiveness of various drug therapies and treatment devices.

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About LG Health Hub

The LG Health Hub features breaking medical news and straightforward advice to help individuals of all ages make healthy choices and reach their wellness goals. The blog puts articles by trusted Lancaster General Health clinical experts, good 'n healthy recipes, videos, patient stories, and health risk assessments at your fingertips.

 

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